Governance & Policy
Indonesia Law on Environmental Protection and Management (Law 32/2009)
Definition
Indonesia's Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management is the country's umbrella environmental statute. It requires environmental impact assessment (AMDAL) and environmental permits for business activities, sets quality standards for air, water and soil, establishes strict liability for certain hazardous activities, and authorises administrative sanctions, civil claims and environmental restoration orders.
References
Legal text and instruments
Implementing authority
Overview
What it means
Environmental compliance for industry and plantations in Southeast Asia's largest economy runs through this law and its implementing regulations.
How it is used
Businesses obtain AMDAL approvals; communities bring environmental lawsuits; enforcement cases target forest and peatland fires and pollution.
Why it matters
It frames environmental governance for one of the world's most biodiverse and deforestation-exposed economies.