Chapter 07 · Materials & footprintsCircular Economy & Materials
Linear economy
Definition
A linear economy is a take-make-use-dispose model in which resources are extracted, made into products, used and then discarded.
References
This reference provides supporting context for how “Linear economy” is defined and used.
Overview
What it means in practice
Linear economy should be read as a materials and product-life-cycle term. Its meaning depends on the product boundary, material flow, evidence and intended claim.
In practice, users should state the standard, boundary, method and evidence behind the term. That keeps linear economy useful without overstating assurance or performance.
Why it matters
Linear economy matters because circular-economy language can shape design choices, procurement, reporting and product claims. Clear boundaries help readers see whether the term describes intention, process or measured outcome.
Common misconception
A common error is to use Linear economy as a broad environmental improvement claim. The stronger approach is to state the product boundary, material pathway, evidence and trade-offs.
Review questions
What criteria or boundary gives the term meaning? Who assessed or evidenced it? What limitation should be stated so a reader does not treat the term as broader than it is?
How it is used
In professional practice, “Linear economy” helps designers, manufacturers, procurement teams, life-cycle practitioners and waste managers describe or assess a take-make-use-dispose model in which resources are extracted, made into products, used and then discarded. It is commonly encountered in product design, procurement, footprinting, material selection, production and end-of-life decisions.
A credible application identifies the product system, life-cycle stages, functional unit, geography, timeframe and measurement method.